Overview and application of lithium nitride Li3N powder

Lithium nitride preparation

Lithium nitride can be prepared by directly reacting elemental nitrogen and lithium. It is usually prepared by burning lithium in pure nitrogen. Whether in the laboratory or in industry, this method is the best way to prepare lithium nitride. Commonly used methods. In addition, nitrogen can also be introduced into liquid sodium dissolved with metallic lithium, and the lithium nitride prepared by the latter has a higher purity.

Lithium nitride physical and chemical properties

Lithium nitride belongs to the hexagonal crystal system and has a crystal structure.

In lithium nitride crystals, there is a layer of lithium and nitrogen composed of lithium and nitrogen atoms. The arrangement is that the lithium atoms are arranged in the manner of carbon atoms in the graphite crystal, and the nitrogen atoms are in the center of the hexagon formed by the lithium atoms. A lithium layer exists between the lithium and nitrogen layers. Because the ratio of lithium to nitrogen in the lithium and nitrogen layers is 2:1, which is Li2N, which does not meet the stoichiometric formula Li3N, there is a lithium layer between every two lithium and nitrogen layers.

In the lithium nitride unit cell, the distance between Li-N is 213pm, which is close to the sum of the ion radius of lithium ion and nitrogen anion. The distance between each lithium and nitrogen layer and the adjacent lithium layer is 194pm, which shows that the nitride Lithium is an ionic compound.

Physical properties

Melting point: 845°C

Entropy: SΘ = 37.6 J/(mol·K)

Enthalpy of formation: ΔHfΘ = -198.6 kJ/mol

Free energy of formation: ΔGfΘ = -155.1 kJ/mol

Heat capacity: CpΘ = 75.2 J/(mol·K)

Solubility: insoluble in most organic solvents.

Chemical nature

It is stable in humid air because the surface is covered with a protective layer.

Reacts with water to produce lithium hydroxide and ammonia:

Li3N (s) + 3 H2O (l) → 3 LiOH (aq) + NH3 (g)

Lithium nitride is a super base, which is stronger than negative hydrogen ions, so it can deprotonate hydrogen:

Li3N (s) + H2 (g) → Li2NH (s) +LiH (s)

When lithium nitride is heated in hydrogen, lithium amide (LiNH2) and lithium imide (Li2NH) can be successively obtained, which are finally converted into lithium hydride and release ammonia.

Since the hydrogen absorption reaction of lithium nitride is reversible at 270°C, lithium nitride can be used as a hydrogen storage medium and can absorb up to 11.5% of its weight. Regardless of the direction of the above reaction, lithium amide (LiNH2) and lithium imide (Li2NH) are always intermediate products of the reaction.

Lithium nitride has strong reactivity, especially at high temperatures, it can corrode iron, nickel, copper, platinum, quartz and ceramics.

Overview of Lithium Nitride Li3N Powder

Li3BN2 is a metal nitrogen compound with the molecular formula Li3N. It is the only stable alkali metal nitride. It is a purple or red crystalline solid, with a high melting point, a light green luster under reflected light, and a ruby color under transmitted light. Long-term exposure to the air will eventually produce lithium carbonate. The chemical properties of alkaline metal nitrides are extremely limited. Among binary compounds, only lithium nitride is stable and easy to prepare (sodium nitrite and potassium nitride can only be prepared under more extreme conditions).

Lithium nitride belongs to the hexagonal crystal system. In the lithium nitride crystal, there is a layer of lithium and nitrogen composed of lithium and nitrogen atoms. Lithium atoms are arranged in graphite crystals like carbon atoms, and nitrogen atoms are located in the center of the hexagon of lithium atoms. There is a lithium layer between the lithium nitrogen layers. Since the ratio of lithium to nitrogen in the lithium-nitrogen layer is 2:1, that is, Li2N (does not meet the stoichiometric formula Li3N), there are two layers between the lithium-lithium and nitrogen layers. In the unit cell of lithium nitride, the distance between Li-N is 213 pm, which is close to the sum of the ion radii of lithium ions and nitrogen anions. The distance between each lithium nitrogen layer and the adjacent lithium layer is 194pm,

At room temperature, metal lithium can partially form lithium nitride when exposed to air. Lithium forms lithium nitride in a nitrogen stream, which is 10 to 15 times faster than lithium in the air, and then all lithium becomes lithium nitride. On the contrary, it is difficult for other alkali metals to form nitrides. For example, sodium nitrite can only be prepared by depositing an atomic beam on sapphire at low temperature and decomposing it under slight heating. Lithium nitride is easily hydrolyzed to produce lithium hydroxide and ammonia, especially fine powdered lithium nitride, which will burn violently when heated in air. Therefore, lithium nitride must be processed in an inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen). Used as a nitriding agent in organic reactions, as a reducing agent and nitrogen source in inorganic reactions.

Lithium nitride has been discovered since the end of the 19th century and is easily prepared by combining elements. The research on the reaction between lithium nitride and hydrogen began in the early 20th century. Daft and Miklauz discovered that lithium nitride reacts with hydrogen at 220-250°C to form a substance composed of "Li3NH4". They continued to heat the substance at higher temperatures (>>; 700°C) to produce "Li3NH2" and hydrogen.

Lithium nitride Li3N powder application

Lithium nitride is prepared by the direct reaction of elemental nitrogen and lithium, usually by burning lithium in pure nitrogen. In laboratories and industry, this method is the most commonly used method for preparing lithium nitride. Alternatively, nitrogen can be injected into liquid sodium dissolved in lithium metal to produce purer lithium nitride. Lithium nitride has many applications, as shown in the figure below:

1. Solid electrolyte

Lithium nitride is a fast ion conductor, and its conductivity is higher than other inorganic lithium salts. Many studies have been conducted on the use of lithium nitride as a solid electrode and cathode material for batteries.

2. Fast ion conductor

A series of lithium fast ion conductors were prepared based on lithium nitride. As a fast ion conductor material, it should have higher decomposition voltage, lower electronic conductivity, higher ion conductivity and better chemical stability.

3. Preparation of Boron Nitride from Lithium Nitride

Lithium nitride (Lin3) is a catalyst for the synthesis of (boron nitride) CBN under high temperature and high pressure. Lithium nitride catalyzes the conversion of Bn to CBN and the reaction of B4C and NH4A under normal pressure and high temperature. It can also be used as a nitrogen source for solvothermal reaction with Bbr3 to generate Bn and CBn. In addition to being used as a solid electrolyte, lithium nitride is also an effective catalyst for converting hexagonal boron nitride into cubic boron nitride.

4. Preparation of lithium difluorosulfinate from lithium nitride.

Lithium difluorosulfide (LIN(SO2F)2, hereinafter referred to as LIFSI) is an electrolyte with broad application prospects. LiFSI has suitable conductivity, high thermal stability and electrochemical stability

5. Preparation of cubic boron nitride with lithium nitride

Preparation of lithium boron nitride (Li3BN2). Li3BN2 is an important catalyst for the synthesis of cubic boron nitride superhard materials and has been used in the industrial production of cubic boron nitride synthesis. The hardness of cubic boron nitride is lower than that of diamond, but diamond cannot be used for the grinding of ferrous metals, so cubic boron nitride is currently the best grinding material for ferrous metals and their alloys.

Lithium nitride Li3N powder price

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Lithium Nitride Li3N powder suppliers

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