What is germanium oxide GeO2? What are the application areas?

Germanium dioxide is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula GeO2, which is the dioxide of germanium, and the electronic formula is the same as that of carbon dioxide. It is a white powder or colorless crystal. There are two kinds of hexagonal crystal system which is slightly soluble in water (stable at low temperature) and insoluble tetragonal crystal system. The transformation temperature is 1033℃. Mainly used to make metal germanium, and also used as a spectroscopic analysis and semiconductor material.

GeO2 structure properties

Germanium dioxide is a tetragonal crystal system, a hexagonal crystal system or an amorphous body. Hexagonal crystals have the same structure as β-quartz, germanium is four-coordinated, and tetragonal crystals have a super-quartz structure, similar to rutile, in which germanium is six-coordinated. Under high pressure, the amorphous germanium dioxide transforms into a six-coordinate structure; as the pressure decreases, the germanium dioxide gradually changes to a four-coordinate structure. Germanium dioxide with a rutile-like structure can be transformed into another orthorhombic calcium chloride structure under high pressure. Germanium dioxide is insoluble in water and hydrochloric acid, but soluble in lye to generate germanate. Germanium dioxide with a rutile-like structure is more soluble in water than hexagonal germanium dioxide, and can produce germanic acid when it interacts with water. When germanium dioxide and germanium powder are heated together at 1000°C, germanium monoxide can be obtained.

Overview of germanium oxide GeO2 powder

Germanium oxide GeO2 is also called germanium dioxide. Germanium dioxide is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula GeO2, which is the dioxide of germanium and has the same electronic form as carbon dioxide. Germanium dioxide, also known as germanium oxide, germanium, and germanium salt, is an inorganic compound. It is the main commercial source of germanium. When pure germanium comes into contact with oxygen in the atmosphere, it also forms a passivation layer.

The germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is white powder or colorless crystal, and it has two systems: hexagonal (stable at low temperature) and insoluble tetragonal (tetragonal), with a transition temperature of 1033°C. Germanium dioxide is mainly used for the production of metallic germanium, but also for spectroscopy and semiconductor materials.

The germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is tetragonal, hexagonal or amorphous. Hexagonal crystals have the same structure as β-quartz, and germanium is tetragonal crystals. The tetragonal crystal has a super quartz-type structure, similar to rutile, in which germanium is hexagonal. Under high pressure, the amorphous germanium dioxide transforms into a hexagonal coordination structure. As the pressure decreases, germanium dioxide gradually transforms into a four-coordinate structure. Rutile germanium dioxide can be transformed into another orthorhombic calcium chloride structure under high pressure.

The two main crystal forms of GeO2 are hexagonal and tetragonal. Hexagonal GeO2 has the same structure as β quartz, and the coordination number of germanium is 4. Tetra-GeO2 (a soft mineral) has a rutile-like structure commonly found in antimonite. The coordination number of germanium on this issue is 6. The amorphous (glassy) form of GeO 2 is similar to fused silica.

Germanium dioxide GeO2 powder can be prepared in two forms, crystalline and amorphous. Under environmental pressure, the amorphous structure is formed by a network of GEO4 tetrahedrons. When the pressure increases to about 9 GPa, the average coordination number of germanium increases steadily from 4 to 5. At the same time, the distance of the germanium-o bond increases correspondingly to about 15 GPa under high pressure. The coordination number of germanium increases when the pressure drops. , The dense network structure composed of GeO6 octahedrons increases to 6, and then returns to the tetrahedral form structure. Under high pressure, the rutile form is transformed into the orthogonal CaCl2 form.

Germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is insoluble in water and hydrochloric acid, but soluble in lye to form germanate. Rutile-like germanium dioxide is more soluble in water than germanium dioxide, and can generate germanic acid by reacting with water. Germanium dioxide is coated with germanium powder at 1000°C to obtain germanium monoxide.

Applied Germanium Oxide and Germanium Dioxide Powder

Germanium oxide, germanium dioxide GeO 2 powder is a highly insoluble and thermally stable source of germanium suitable for glass, optical and ceramic applications. GeO2 is preferred due to its excellent mechanical strength than other infrared transparent glasses, and, therefore, more suitable for rugged Military applications.

Germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is used as a catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate resin and the production of other germanium compounds.

Germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is used as a raw material for the production of some phosphors and semiconductor materials. In addition, germanium dioxide is used to make germanium and also used in the electronics industry. Used as a semiconductor material.

The refractive index (1.7) and light dispersion characteristics of germanium dioxide make it useful as an optical material for wide-angle lenses, optical microscope objectives, and fiber cores. For detailed manufacturing process, please refer to Optical Fiber. Germanium and its glass oxide GeO2 are transparent to the infrared spectrum. The glass can be made into infrared windows and lenses for night vision technology in military applications, luxury cars and thermal imaging cameras.

Germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is used as a raw material for metallic germanium and other germanium compounds, as a catalyst for the preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) resin, as well as for spectral analysis and semiconductor materials. It can produce optical glass phosphors and can be used as a catalyst for petroleum refining conversion, dehydrogenation, gasoline fraction adjustment, color film and polyester fiber production.

Not only that, germanium dioxide or polymerization catalyst, glass containing germanium dioxide also has a high refractive index and dispersion properties, as a wide-angle lens camera and microscope, with the development of technology, germanium dioxide is widely used to produce high-purity metal Germanium, germanium compounds, chemical catalysts and pharmaceutical industries, PET resins, electronic equipment, etc. It is important to note that although germanium dioxide is similar in form to organic germanium (GE-132), it is poisonous and should not be ingested.

In algae cultivation, germanium dioxide GeO2 powder is used to inhibit the growth of diatoms that are not needed in algae cultivation, because pollution from relatively fast-growing diatoms tends to inhibit or exceed the growth of primitive algae strains. GeO2 is easily absorbed by diatoms, causing silicon to be replaced by germanium in the internal biochemical process of diatoms, resulting in a significant decline in the growth rate of diatoms, or even disappearing completely, with almost no impact on non-diatom species.

Germanium Oxide GeO2 Powder Price

The price of germanium oxide germanium dioxide powder will vary randomly with the production cost, transportation cost, international situation, exchange rate and market demand. Tanki New Materials Co., Ltd. aims to help various industries and chemical wholesalers find high-quality and low-cost nanomaterials and chemicals by providing turnkey customized manufacturing services. If you are looking for germanium oxide GeO2 powder, please feel free to check the latest price of germanium oxide GeO2 powder.

Germanium Oxide GeO2 Powder Supplier

As a global supplier of germanium oxide GeO2 powder, Tanki New Materials Co., Ltd. has extensive experience in the performance, application and cost-effective manufacturing of advanced engineering materials. The company has successfully developed a series of powder materials (including oxides, carbides, nitrides, single metals, etc.), high-purity targets, functional ceramics, structural devices, and can provide OEM services.